en ميکروب شناسي Microbiology تحقيقي Original Paper <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common types of infections affecting people in community and hospital settings. Bacteria are the leading cause of UTIs, followed by fungi. 39% of all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affecting all age groups are UTIs, causing high morbidity and mortality rates. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of causative organisms is changing due to improper antibiotic use. The study was conducted to determine the microbiological profile of both community and HAIs and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Clean-catch, mid-stream urine samples collected in the universal wide-mouthed sterile containers were transported to the laboratory. Samples were processed by standard conventional microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.<br> <b>Results:</b> The most common causative organisms among&nbsp;gram-negative bacteria were <i>E coli</i> (26.05%), followed by <i>Klebsiella</i> spp (20.37%), and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp (12.81%) was more common among the gram-positive bacteria. Non-albicans<i> Candida</i> (64.10%) were more commonly isolated than <i>Candida albicans</i>&nbsp;(35.90%). <i>E coli</i> was highly susceptible to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp were similarly highly susceptible. &nbsp;Antibiotic resistance was more common among bacteria isolated&nbsp;in HAIs.<b><span style="font-size:8.0pt"></span></b><br> <b>Conclusion</b>: In both settings, <i>E coli</i> was the most common causative organism. The incidence of non-albicans Candida species has increased in comparison to Candida albicans. Antimicrobial susceptibility to empirical 3rd-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones has drastically decreased. Hospital-acquired UTIs are a rising threat to the healthcare system and community. Based on hospitals&rsquo; antimicrobial policy formulated by studying antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, empirical treatment should be chosen.</span></span><br> &nbsp; Community-acquired infections, Cross infection, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Urinary Tract Infections 5 7 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1418-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hina Rahangdale hinarahangdale@rediffmail.com 100319475328460027429 100319475328460027429 No Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India Tejaswini Olambe ankitaolambe@gmail.comm 100319475328460027430 0009-0005-2477-3280 No Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India Priyanka Klabhor kalbhorpriyanka@gmail.com 100319475328460027431 100319475328460027431 No Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India Sangita Bhalavi skhedikar09@gmail.com 100319475328460027432 100319475328460027432 Yes Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India Varsha Wanjare vswanjare71@gmail.com 100319475328460027433 0009-0005-6910-2974 No Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India Sunanda Shrikhande sunandashrikhande@gmail.com 100319475328460027434 100319475328460027434 No Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India